The lean approach towards construction adopts both physical and non-physical waste production. On the basis of the existing literature, waste in the context of construction can be classified into eight types, namely defects, overproduction, waiting, not-utilizing talent, transportation, inventory excess, motion waste, and excess processing. Author: Henri Suissa

The definition of waste as well as its classification has been approached by various researchers. In general, researchers have commonly included defects and excess processing as some of the more common factors considered as waste (Senaratne & Wijesiri, 2008). Author: Henri Suissa

The lean approach for the elimination of waste, as described by Ohno (1988), is as follows: “All we are doing is looking at the time line, from the moment the customer gives us an order to the point when we collect cash. Author: Henri Suissa

Nowadays, it’s of great importance to have a deep understanding of customers’ needs, wants & desires due to increasing competition, so as long as the company follows the customer-oriented perspective; of course it’s a guarantee for success & sustainability.  Author: Hassan Hend

January is almost upon us and with it comes the time, when we set goals that we would like to achieve in the new year. However, setting goals is one thing, but achieving them is a bit more difficult than that. One must be willing to work over a long period of time and dedicate energy towards something abstract in the future. Even so, there is no goal that we could not accomplish with careful planning. Why don’t you just keep reading and we will tell you how to do it.

In the previous article we focused on the question of miscommunication in workplace. One of the useful tips we recommended was that you become an active listener. However, some of you might not be familiar with this term so we decided to explain it a bit more.

Additionally, an MNE also suffers from operating risk which results from changes in the company’s future operating cash flows due to unexpected changes in the foreign currency exchange rates.

Through the foreign exchange market, money of one country is exchanged for that of another country. The exchange rate reveals the value of one unit of a currency to be exchanged for another currency, and the rate continuously floats due to multiple reasons. Author: Yen-Chih Lee

There is a growing recognition of the contributions of culture and the arts to finding creative solutions for global challenges.

Communication among people is the greatest source of information. However, the information we gain might not always be very accurate. Miscommunication is quite naturally present in large corporations with hundreds of employees, but it can happen in small businesses just as easy. One thing in common is that it’s always damaging, as it creates conflicts and reduces efficiency. Here’s how you fight it!